@article{Bardski_2019, title={Motyw drabiny Jakubowej (Rdz 28,10-22) w starożytnej symbolice zachodniego chrześcijaństwa}, volume={88}, url={https://czasopisma.uksw.edu.pl/index.php/ct/article/view/3441}, DOI={10.21697/ct.2018.88.4.08}, abstractNote={The episode of “Jacob’s ladder” in the book of Genesis inspired numerous<br />symbolic interpretations in ancient Christianity. Most often we find moral<br />symbolism, which basically proceeds in two directions. After Tertullian,<br />“descending angels” symbolise sinners, and “ascending” ones symbolise<br />righteous people. After Augustine, “descending” means those who care<br />about the needs of others, whilst “ascending” refers to those who direct their<br />hearts to God. For Jerome, ascending and descending angels symbolise not<br />so much people as the mercy of God who descends to the sinner, whereas for<br />Ambrose and Zeno of Verona the ladder depicts the Old and New Testament<br />and its rungs, namely the Christian virtues. An important literary motif in<br />the story of “Jacob’s ladder” is the stone under the Patriarch’s head, which<br />in the Christian tradition assumes a Christological meaning.}, number={4}, journal={Collectanea Theologica}, author={Bardski, Krzysztof}, year={2019}, month={kwi.}, pages={191–201} }