Published: 2024-09-02

Mediatization and propaganda and texts of culture. Some discussion notes

Jakub Z. Lichański
Kultura-Media-Teologia
Section: Artykuły i rozprawy
https://doi.org/10.21697/kmt.2024.58.10

Abstract

The problem I indicated in the title raises a lot of doubts already at the initial stage, that is, when we are wondering how to title the considerations. It is necessary, as I will try to show, to specify such issues as: 1. propaganda and its understanding; 2. whether the media are, and if so, what are they limited in their freedom to create and transmit information, and finally - 3. how, according to the theory, information should be created. This can and should be associated with the principles defined in the 1970s. James Carey (1974, 227-249) points to the following principles: 1.criticism of standards of public or social responsibility; 2. scientific criticism; 3. cultural criticism. As Carey (1974: 244) notes, “By culture of criticism, I mean the ongoing process of debate between the press/media and the public, and in particular that part of the public most qualified by motives and skills to enter the critical arena. [possible dispute/assessment]”. Here, therefore, there is a problem that we have to deal with in the current way of conducting the media debate on the topic that interests us. There is, however, one more problem, namely the way of shaping the media information itself. In this regard, I will rely on the considerations of Joseph Ratzinger (Ratzinger 1984, 82-84), who presented the basic problems related to this issue. The hypothesis that I will try to prove is simple: here the media message, regardless of who presents it, is a way of shaping the image of reality. One of the sets of examples proving this hypothesis will be, apart from examples taken from the media, texts of culture, or selected texts of popular culture.

 

 

Keywords:

media, mediatization, propaganda, media criticism, Immenuel Kant, Edward Bernays, Marshall McLuhan, Joseph Ratzinger, James Carey, Noam Chomsky, Lev Manovich, Hanna Batorowska, Rafał Klepka, Olga Wasiuta, Krzysztof Grzegorzewski, Marek Ostrowski, Barbara Bogołębska, Grażyna Hebrajska

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