Published: 2025-12-30

From Damage to Decision: How AI Automates the Claims Handling Process and What the Law Says About It

Tomasz Leszczyński , Julia Cichowska
"Młody Jurysta" Czasopismo Studentów i Doktorantów Wydziału Prawa i Administracji UKSW
Section: Artykuły
https://doi.org/10.21697/mj.16486

Abstract

The article discusses the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the insurance sector, focusing on the automation of the claims handling process. The authors describe how technologies such as machine learning, computer vision, and natural language processing (NLP) contribute to faster and more efficient claim management, from initial submission to compensation payout. The study presents both the benefits of automation - such as speed, efficiency, and cost savings—and highlights significant risks, including a lack of transparency in algorithmic decisions, the risk of errors, and difficulties in assigning legal liability. The article also examines current legal regulations, including issues of civil liability, GDPR compliance, and the need to guarantee clients the right to human review of decisions. The authors critically analyze the existing legal framework, pointing out its inadequacy in the face of rapidly evolving technology. They propose, among other things, the introduction of a flexible definition of AI, extending risk-based liability, and mandating algorithm audits. The need to balance innovation with the protection of individual rights is strongly emphasized.

Keywords:

artificial intelligence, claims handling, insurance, civil liability, GDPR, automation, InsurTech, EU law, AI in law

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Citation rules

Leszczyński, T., & Cichowska, J. (2025). From Damage to Decision: How AI Automates the Claims Handling Process and What the Law Says About It. "Młody Jurysta" Czasopismo Studentów I Doktorantów Wydziału Prawa I Administracji UKSW, (2), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.21697/mj.16486

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