Cechy proaktywnej osobowości a zachowania autoagresywne skazanych mężczyzn odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności

Bartosz Kwiatkowski

doi:10.21697/sp.2020.20.1.03

Published: 2020-01-01

Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020)

The characteristics of proactive personality and auto-aggressive behaviour of convicted men serving a prison sentence

Bartosz Kwiatkowski

Studia Psychologica: Theoria et praxis

Section: Commentaries

https://doi.org/10.21697/sp.2020.20.1.03

Abstract

The obligation to be imprisoned in penitentiary isolation causes personal damages in the form of emotional, motivation or behavioral disorders. The negative effect of depriving needs of prisoners is their increased tendency to perform intentional self-harm while serving imprisonment. Besides to the factors contributing to the occurrence of self-aggressive behaviors, there are also protective factors that are undoubtedly less often subject to psychological studies. The study involved 50 convicted men serving their sentences once again in their lives. To determine the level of their proactivity, The Scale of Proactivity in Penitentiary Isolation (PPI) was used, while their propensity to self-aggression was determined using The Inventory of Statements about self-injury (ISAS). The article discusses the results of our own research, which proved that proactivity as a personality trait has a negative relationship with self-aggression. Proactive actions aimed at gaining a sense of self-competence and family support are most important in the protection against the self-aggresion behaviour of convicts. Moreover, the study showed that proactive convicts have significantly longer intervals between acts of self-aggression, as well as their proactive activities coexist with declarations of the desire to stop self-harm in the future.

Keywords:

proactivity, self-aggression, recidivists

Download files

PDF (Język Polski)

Citation rules

Kwiatkowski, B. (2020). The characteristics of proactive personality and auto-aggressive behaviour of convicted men serving a prison sentence. Studia Psychologica: Theoria Et Praxis, 20(1), 41–55. https://doi.org/10.21697/sp.2020.20.1.03

Cited by / Share

References

Appelbaum, K. L., Savageau, J. A., Trestman, R. L., Metzner, J. L., Baillargeon, J. (2011). A national survey of self-injurious behavior in American prisons. Psychiatric Services, 62, 285–290. DOI: 10.1176/ps.62.3.pss6203_0285
Google Scholar

Andover, M. S., Pepper, C. M., Gibb, B. E. (2007). Self-mutilation and coping strategies in a college sample. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 37, 238–243. DOI:10.1521/suli.2007.37.2.238
Google Scholar

Aspinwall, L. G., Taylor, S. E. (1997). A stitch in time: self-regulation and proactive coping. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 417–436. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.417
Google Scholar

Bańka, A. (2009). Proaktywność – intencjonalne konstruowanie przyszłości i uprzedzające osiąganie celów personalnych poprzez doświadczanie codzienności. W: H. Wrona-Polańska, W. Czerniawska, L. Wrona (red.), Szkice o ludzkim poznawaniu i odczuwaniu (s. 10–23). Kraków: Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny.
Google Scholar

Bańka, A. (2015). Intencjonalne konstruowanie przyszłości i wyprzedzające realizowanie celów: walidacja Skali Proaktywności Ogólnej. Czasopismo Psychologiczne, 21, 97–115. DOI: 10.14691/CPPJ.21.1.97
Google Scholar

Barker, E., Kõlves, K., De Leo, D. (2014). Management of suicidal and self-harming behaviors in prisons: systematic literature review of evidence-based activities. Archives of Suicide Research, 18, 227–240. DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2013.824830
Google Scholar

Bateman, T. S., Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 103–118. DOI: 10.1002/job.4030140202
Google Scholar

Bindl, U. K., Parker, S. K., Totterdell, P., Hagger-Johnson, G. (2012). Fuel of the self-starter: How mood relates to proactive goal regulation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 134–150. DOI: 10.1037/a0024368
Google Scholar

Carli, V., Jovanović, N., Podlešek, A., Roy A., Rihmer, Z., Maggi, S., … Sarchiapone, M. (2010). The role of impulsivity in self-mutilators, suicide ideators and suicide attempters – a study of 1265 male incarcerated individuals. Journal of Affective Disorders, 123(1–3), 116–122. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.02.119
Google Scholar

Chodak, M., Barwiński, Ł. (2010). Autoagresja jako forma radzenia sobie ze stresem – przegląd zagadnień. Psychiatria i Psychoterapia, 6(1), 19–30. Pobrane z: http://www.psychiatriapolska.pl/uploads/images/PiPWiosna2010t6n1/PiPt6n1s19s30MChodak1.pdf
Google Scholar

Cooper, J., Kapur, N., Webb, R., Lawlor, M., Guthrie, E., Mackway-Jones, K., Appleby, L. (2005). Suicide after deliberate self-harm: a 4-year cohort study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 297–303. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.2.297
Google Scholar

Crant, J. M. (1996). The Proactive Personality Scale as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 34, 42–49.
Google Scholar

Dixon-Gordon, K., Harrison, N., Roesch, R. (2012). Non-suicidal self-injury within offender populations: a systematic review. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 11, 33–50. DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2012.667513
Google Scholar

Favazza, A. R., Rosenthal, R. J. (1993). Diagnostic issues in self-mutilation. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 44, 134–140. DOI: 10.1176/ps.44.2.134
Google Scholar

Fazel, S., Hayes, A. J., Bartellas, K., Clerici, M., Trestman, R. (2016). Mental health of prisoners: prevalence, adverse outcomes, and interventions. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3, 871–881. DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30142-0
Google Scholar

Fillmore, C., Dell, C. (2000). Prairie women, violence and self-harm. Winnipeg: Elizabeth Fry Society of Manitoba. Pobrane z: http://www.antoniocasella.eu/salute/Fillmore_women_incarcerated_self-harm_2000.pdf
Google Scholar

Fox, K. R., Franklin, J. C., Ribeiro, J. D., Kleiman, E. M., Bentley, K. H., Nock, M. K. (2015). Meta-analysis of risk factors for nonsuicidal self-injury. Clinical Psychology Review, 42, 156–167. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2015.09.002
Google Scholar

Grant, A. M., Ashford, S.J. (2008). The dynamics of proactivity at work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, 3–34. DOI: 10.1016/j.riob.2008.04.002
Google Scholar

Grant, A. M., Rothbard, N. P. (2013). When in doubt, seize the day? Security values, prosocial values, and proactivity under ambiguity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98, 810–819. DOI: 10.1037/a0032873
Google Scholar

Hawton, K., Linsell, L., Adeniji, T., Sariaslan, A., Fazel, S. (2014). Self-harm in prisons in England and Wales: an epidemiological study of prevalence, risk factors, clustering, and subsequent suicide. The Lancet, 383, 1147–1154. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62118-2
Google Scholar

Herpertz, S. (1995). Self-injurious behaviour: psychopathological and nosological characteristics in subtypes of self-injurers. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 91, 57–68. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1995.tb09743.x
Google Scholar

Jones, A. (1986). Self-mutilation in prison: a comparison of mutilators and nonmutilators. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 13, 286–296. DOI:10.1177/0093854886013003003
Google Scholar

Klonsky, E. D., Olino, T. M. (2008). Identifying clinically distinct subgroups of self-injurers among young adults: a latent class analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76, 22–27. DOI: 10.1037/0022-006X.76.1.22
Google Scholar

Kwiatkowski, B., Bańka, A. (2013). Wstępna charakterystyka psychometryczna Skali Proaktywności w Izolacji Więziennej (SPIW). Czasopismo Psychologiczne, 19, 361–373. DOI: 10.14691/CPPJ.19.2.361
Google Scholar

Kwiatkowski, B. (2015). Dalsza walidacja Skali Proaktywności w Izolacji Więziennej. Czasopismo Psychologiczne, 21, 239–251. DOI: 10.14691/CPPJ.21.2.239
Google Scholar

Kwiatkowski, B. (2016). Proaktywne konstruowanie przyszłości w izolacji więziennej. Przegląd Więziennictwa Polskiego, 93, 43–59. Pobrane z: https://sw.gov.pl/ assets/26/79/75/479dbc0e656f47a448edc32f7255aceea5bfe471.pdf
Google Scholar

Kwiatkowski, B. (2018). Predyktory zachowań autoagresywnych kobiet odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności. Przegląd Więziennictwa Polskiego, 99, 101–117. Pobrane z: http://pwp.edu.pl/view/abstracts/issue_id/441
Google Scholar

Linowski, K., Wysocki, I. (2006). Oddziaływania psychokorekcyjne na skazanych agresywnych w warunkach penitencjarnych. Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski: Stowarzyszenie na Rzecz Rozwoju Wyższej Szkoły Biznesu i Przedsiębiorczości.
Google Scholar

Lohner, J., Konrad, N. (2006). Deliberate self-harm and suicide attempt in custody: distinguishing features in male inmates self-injurious behavior. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 29, 370–385. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2006.03.004
Google Scholar

Lloyd-Richardson, E. E., Perrine, N., Dierker, L., Kelley, M. L. (2007). Characteristics and functions of non-suicidal self-injury in a community sample of adolescents. Psychological Medicine, 37, 1183–1192. DOI: 10.1017/S003329170700027X
Google Scholar

Maden, A., Chamberlain, S., Gunn, J. (2000). Deliberate self-harm in sentenced male prisoners in England and Wales: some ethnic factors. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 10, 199–204. DOI: 10.1002/cbm.357
Google Scholar

McCarthy, D., Adams, M. (2019). Can family – prisoner relationships ever improve during incarceration? Examining the primary caregivers of incarcerated young men. British Journal of Criminology, 59, 378–395. DOI: 10.1093/bjc/azy039
Google Scholar

Marzano, L., Ciclitira, K., Adler, J. (2012). The impact of prison staff responses on self-harming behaviours: prisoners perspectives. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51, 4–18. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.2010.02007.x
Google Scholar

Niewiadomska, I. (2007). Osobowościowe uwarunkowania skuteczności kary pozbawienia wolności. Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL.
Google Scholar

Parker, S. K., Williams, H. M., Turner, N. (2006). Modeling the antecedents of proactive behavior at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 636–652. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.91.3.636
Google Scholar

Pembroke, L. (2006). Limiting self harm. Emergency Nurse, 14(5), 8–10. DOI: 10.7748/en.14.5.8.s13
Google Scholar

Pope, L. (2018). Self-harm by adult men in prison: a rapid evidence assessment (REA). London: Ministry of Justice. Pobrane z: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/self-harm-by-adult-men-in-prison-a-rapid-evidence-assessment
Google Scholar

Ramluggun, P. (2013). A critical exploration of the management of self-harm in a male custodial setting: qualitative findings of a comparative analysis of prison staff views on self-harm. Journal of Forensic Nursing, 9, 23–34. DOI: 10.1097/JFN.0b013e31827a5984
Google Scholar

Seibert, S. E., Crant, J. M., Kraimer, M. L. (1999). Proactive personality and career success. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 416–427. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.84.3.416
Google Scholar

Shoham, S. G., Askenasy, J. J., Rahav, G., Chard, F., Addi, A. (1989). Personality correlates of violent prisoners. Personality and Individual Differences, 10, 137–145. DOI: 10.1016/0191-8869(89)90197-9
Google Scholar

Sherman, L. W., Gottfredson, D., MacKenzie, D., Eck, J., Reuter, P., Bushway, S., Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice University of Maryland (1997). Preventing crime: what works, what doesn't, what's promising: a report to the United States Congress. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice (NCJ 165366). Pobrane z: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/165366NCJRS.pdf
Google Scholar

Snow, L. (2002). Prisoners’ motives for self-injury and attempted suicide. The British Journal of Forensic Practice, 4(4), 18–29. DOI: 10.1108/14636646200200023
Google Scholar

Strauss, K., Griffin, M., Rafferty, A. E. (2009). Proactivity directed toward the team and organization: The role of leadership, commitment and role-breadth self-efficacy. British Journal of Management, 20, 279–291. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8551.2008.00590.x
Google Scholar

Sun, I. Y. (2003). Officer proactivity: a comparison between police field training officers and non-field training officers. Journal of Criminal Justice, 31, 265–277. DOI: 10.1016/S0047-2352(03)00007-2
Google Scholar

Wirkus, Ł., Kozłowski, P. (2008). Izolacja więzienna a zachowania autoagresywne więźniów. W: A. Jaworska (red.), Kryminologia i kara kryminalna. Wybrane zagadnienia (s. 191–218). Kraków: Oficyna Wydawnicza „Impuls”.
Google Scholar