DESCRIPTION: The author of this article is Professor Edward Nieznański, a Polish logician who died on 10 December 2024, a long-time employee of the Faculty of Christian Philosophy at the Academy of Catholic Theology in Warsaw, and then of the Institute of Philosophy at Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, pro-rector of ATK in 1990-1996. He published a total of 30 articles and 16 other texts (reviews, reports, biographies) in SPCh. He was Secretary of the Editorial Board of the SPCh from 1973 to 1981, and later a member of the Editorial Committee and the Scientific Council (1981-2020), as well as an honorary member of the Scientific Council (2020-2024). Issue 1/2009 of SPCh contains articles that are an extension of the speeches given at the conference ‘Towards Classical Philosophy - Inspirations and Continuations’ (15-16/01/2009), which was held to celebrate the 70th anniversary of Prof. Nieznański's birth. The aim of the paper is to interpret and justify the thesis that the world has a sufficient reason for its existence. The starting point is the construction of concepts in the order of their definitional dependence. It is concerned with concepts that include the understanding of objects, sets and relations, which are then dealt with by the object language and the theory that captures the world's relation to the absolute. The author's conclusion is that the present material world is not an absolute, because it has the necessary rationale for its existence outside itself, if only in the earlier worlds from which it arose. For the same reasons, no earlier material world is a sufficient rationale for the existence of either the present world or itself. When, therefore, for every being the sufficient raison d'être of its existence is necessary, the absolute, that is, the sufficient raison d'être of the present material world, lies outside every material world. And not only the present material world as an ensemble of its parts, but also none of its sub-components, for the same reasons also as the whole, constitute the sufficient raison d'être of either the world or itself. The absolute, therefore, is no body at all, being a real being (p. 195).
SUMMARY: 1. Introduction. 2. semimodel. 3. Object language. 3.1 The dictionary. 3.2. Terms. 3.3 Formulae. 4 The theory of the sufficient reason for the existence of the world. 5 The semantic model. 5.1 The valuation of variables. 5.2 Interpretation of constants. 5.3 Logical values of formulas.
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English
Język Polski