Abstrakt

"e modern social doctrine of the Catholic Church supports all of the abovementioned
views with the exception that it treats some of its elements as the
so-called “signs of the times” in which the creators of these views lived and
wrote. "erefore, we cannot say that they became somehow time-barred. "ey
have entered the tradition of the social doctrine of the Church. Similarly, one
cannot reasonably claim that the basic theses of the socio-political theories
of Saint Augustine or Saint "omas Aquinas are obsolete in philosophical terms.
At the most, one can disagree with them or try to correct them. Nevertheless, it
seems that there are no better analyses of the nature of authority and its origin
from God. Considering these issues from the perspective of historical applications
of the theories, especially the one coined by St. "omas, it is impossible not
to notice the significant analogies of the reflections of Doctor Angelicus and the
idea of a “nobles’ democracy” implemented in the First Polish Republic three
hundred years later. It is also difficult to believe that a$er the creation of the
scientific community of the Jagiellonian University in the fi$eenth century, they
did not affect the minds of Polish politicians at a time when the foundations
of this democracy were formed. Moreover, it seems that these considerations
were widely applied in the centuries-old process of crystallizing other modern
and contemporary democratic system.