Abstract

The article explores the issue of higher visual function disorders in children with disabilities and developmental disorders, emphasizing the importance of reliable and interdisciplinary diagnosis for effective therapy and education. Drawing on recent empirical research, the article characterizes the role of the dorsal and ventral streams - higher structures of the visual pathway - in organizing visual information. The operational mechanism of these streams in specific cognitive tasks challenges the conventional two-path processing model, revealing the interconnected nature of their functioning. The article further highlights the functional consequences of cortical-level visual processing disorders, specifically in relation to the activity and skills required for successful learning in school settings. Additionally, the article provides a review of techniques and tools used to assess visual functions, which are dependent on the proper functioning of the ventral and dorsal streams. In conclusion, the article raises three key challenges in diagnosing higher visual functions in children: the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration among specialists for accurate identification of disorders, the potential similarity of symptoms to other clinical conditions leading to misdiagnosis, and the lack of standardized diagnostic tools. The article underscores the importance of a comprehensive and collaborative approach to diagnosing and addressing higher visual function disorders in children, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools and interdisciplinary cooperation among professionals in the field.