DESCRIPTION: Zygmunt Hajduk (1935-2025) was an outstanding Polish philosopher and long-time professor at the Catholic University of Lublin. His research focused on the philosophy of nature, scientific methodology, and the philosophy of science, including the axiology of science. His methodological works form the basis of teaching for students of the humanities and sciences. The article consists of two parts, entitled: an outline of the theory of valuation and values in science, and problems of valuation in selected areas of philosophical logic. The first part focuses mainly on issues such as the valuative nature of the methodologies of R. Carnap, K. Popper, and T. Kuhn, which take into account the presence of valuation in science. In this context, current discussions on the well-known thesis of the axiological neutrality of science (M. Weber) are also taken into account. The second part considers several major axiological problems from a logical perspective. These include: issues related to non-classical or philosophical theories of logic; the logic of absolute and comparative evaluation; the logical structure of evaluation – four elements distinguished therein; the opposition between description and valuation from a semiotic point of view; valuation as one of the epistemic categories; formal and informal conditions of rationality of such concepts. "The rationality of epistemic concepts is also subject to requirements of a factual nature. Thus, the requirement of rationality will not be met if, on the basis of epistemology, there is deductive infallibility and logical omniscience. This would uphold the possibility of knowing all the consequences of knowledge. It would also be maintained that all provable statements, and thus at least all logically true statements, would also be known, or known to be true" (p. 37).
Table of contents: 1. An outline of the theory of valuation and values in science. 2. The issue of valuation in selected areas of philosophical logic; content elements of these areas of logic.
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English
Język Polski