Abstract

The personal question of the immortality of the human soul was a central philosophical-theological problem of the sixteenth century. Among the many controversies that arose in Italy at the time, two constitute one subject of this article. The first polemic is by Francesco de Silvestri with the directives of Tommaso de Vio (Gaetano), the second polemic is by Mattia Aquario with the Alexandrian directives by Pietro Pomponazzi and Simone Porzio. Both controversies, presented on the base analysis of texts: Commentaria in libros De anima Aristotelis by Gaetano and also Quaestiones in tres libros De anima by Francesco de Silvestri, have been set in the creative light of hypothesis of S. Swieżawski, in which the key to understanding this problem of that period is takes the idea of ​​contemporary Christian Aristotelianism, whose principle and program they instilled Pope Nicholas V and Cardinal Bessarion. Doing analysis in this aspect the texts of the sixteenth century allow us to understand in a more profound way as it was ideologized as an innovator still in its contemporary principles Aristotelianism Christian. The analyzes allow us to declare that it is a problem of the personal immortality of the soul human is a key to understand meandering course of the acts of this current. This setting gives us so much light for the interpretations of the philosophy of Aristotle, of Thomas Aquinas, by John Duns Scotus at the time. It also allows you to take a look into the mutual penetration and immensely makes it difficult what is „medieval” , „contemporary”, „scholastic” and that is that „human”