The article aims to clarify the concept of irenism which sometimes changes in the popular language with other words such as e.g. with „syncretism” or in some cases also with „ecumenism”. The author is the first to explain the etymology of irenism. Then he shows philosophical synonyms of irenism and speaks of theological irenism (as a program and method). Here also shows the different representatives, and of different opinions and circumstances. Then follows the Polish contribution on this field. In the end, the author reflects on irenism as an interpretative category and points out possibility of using irenism, e.g. in the interpretation of Rafaele's fresco "The Athenian School".
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