Abstract

The article presents the Christian interpretation of the words of Christ: "Give to Caesar what Caesar is and God what is God'. The author tries to show how Christians in the first three centuries secretly realized this commandment of Christ, his teaching about the state. He conducts an analysis of the texts of St. Paul the Apostle and the Church Fathers of the three first centuries through. According to the texts, all power, including imperial power, comes from God. The state is that God's servant, even if it's not always conscious. He should see God above all as a judge of good and serve evil. In this area Christians should be obedient to the state. You should give the state everything it needs for its existence, such as taxes. If the State requires more than it needs for its existence, i.e. "what is God's", it exceeds its own limits. The Christians then have no obligation to these excessive demands of a totalitarian against the state. According to Jesus' command, it is not permissible to give a state “what is of God's is". We know that the Roman state was totalitarian in one respect, namely the imperial cult. At this The early Christians had points to announce, that the state overstepped its borders and that demands "what is of God" and that they do not tell the state what is wrongly demanded of it need.