Published: 2025-12-19

Self-Understanding as a Condition for Self-Education

Piotr Tomasz Nowakowski Profil ORCID autora Piotr Tomasz Nowakowski
Seminare. Learned Investigations
Section: Articles
DOI https://doi.org/10.21852/sem.1874

Abstract

This article aims to conceptualise self-understanding as a fundamental condition for effective self-education, with particular emphasis on the period of adolescence. The author invokes the Socratic maxim “Know thyself,” noting that self-understanding is not merely an intellectual act but also an existential practice that underpins personality development and moral maturity. The main contribution of the study is the presentation of an original typology of six complementary perspectives on self-understanding: introspection, alterospection, retrospection, prospection, extrospection, and transspection. Organised along subjective, temporal, and transcendent axes, this typology integrates previously fragmented insights and provides a more comprehensive model of the dynamic processes of knowing oneself. During adolescence, self-understanding enables a realistic assessment of one’s own situation and facilitates the formulation of life goals. In conclusion, the author emphasises that effective self-education is possible only when a young person integrates diverse ways of reflecting on the self and the world. This creates conditions for the development of a mature, autonomous personality capable of consciously directing its own development.

Keywords:

self-understanding, self-education, youth, personal development

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Nowakowski, P. T. (2025). Self-Understanding as a Condition for Self-Education. Seminare. Learned Investigations, 46(2). https://doi.org/10.21852/sem.1874

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