DESCRIPTION: Rev. Prof. Tadeusz Ślipko SJ (1918-2015) published 30 texts (articles, reviews and other statements) in SPCh. He was the third editor-in-chief of SPCh in 1978-1981. The author points out that the concept of ‘values’ appeared in philosophy in the second half of the 19th century as a supplement to the concept of ‘good’, which was already in use at that time. Max Scheler, the creator of the concept of the hierarchy of values, made a particular contribution to its development. The article focuses primarily on moral values. These are compared with hedonistic and life values. The essential characteristics of moral values are identified, which allows the fundamental difference between moral values and hedonistic and life values to be demonstrated. Ślipko points out that the problem of freedom is of fundamental importance in philosophical and theological controversies. Therefore, he discusses the relationship between mental freedom and values, as well as the problem of moral and social freedom. ‘It turns out that freedom is both a condition and an effect of values. It can be said that it is a condition of values, as it creates the basis for the postulate by virtue of which the world of values and the entire phenomenon of morality appear as a moral order that organises this freedom. Freedom is also an effect of values, insofar as the normative content of human perfection in its various manifestations contained in these values leads to the formation of new moral structures, whose spiritual reality defines in man the area of his personal autonomy and moral freedom in the work of realising his own personal development. Social freedom, as a form of optimal conditions for the realisation of man's fundamental rights, also has its origin in the same axiological source of the moral dignity of the human person’ (p. 93).
SUMMARY: 1. What values are we talking about? 2. Description of moral values. 3. Psychological freedom and its relationship to the world of values. 4. Moral freedom. 5. Social freedom. 6. Final remarks.
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