This article presents the basic philosophical assumptions underlying the evaluation of military action from the perspective of Catholic social teaching. While stressing the continuity of the Church’s teaching on the ethical dimension of armed conflicts, as well as its profound embedment in the centuries-long tradition of Christian philosophy, the author acknowledges the shift of emphasis in the Church’s contemporary position on war from attributing a specific value to war as such to justifying the defense of peace, which at times inevitably involves the employment of military force.
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