The Phenomenon of (Sustainable) Tourism Activities on Farms in Slovenia During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Maja Žibert; Boris Prevolšek

doi:10.21697/seb.2021.19.4.06

Opublikowane: 2022-01-05

Tom 19 Nr 4 (2021)

Zjawisko (zrównoważonej) turystyki w działalności gospodarstw rolnych w Słowenii podczas pandemii COVID-19

Maja Žibert

, Boris Prevolšek

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

Dział: Artykuły naukowe

https://doi.org/10.21697/seb.2021.19.4.06

Abstrakt

Wybuch pandemii COVID-19 spowodował, że zmieniają się trendy rozwojowe branży turystycznej. Celem tego artykułu jest zbadanie aktualnego rozwoju branży turystycznej i powiązanie go z elementami trendów zrównoważonego rozwoju. W artykule przedstawiono główne elementy koncepcji zrównoważonej turystyki wiejskiej i agroturystyki. Za pomocą metody zestawienia i opisu autorzy badają, na podstawie danych statystycznych dotyczących działalności agroturystycznej w Słowenii (przed i w trakcie pandemii COVID-19), czy możliwe jest stwierdzenie tendencji rozwojowych w zakresie zrównoważonego rozwoju w kontekście agroturystyki. Niniejsze badanie ma również na celu zidentyfikowanie szeregu czynników, które mogą poprawić zrównoważony rozwój turystyki rolniczej w Słowenii w okresie po COVID-19. Wyniki przytoczonych badań i ich analiza wskazują, że przyszłe trendy rozwojowe domagają się dekarbonizacji i cyfryzacji przemysłu oraz zaangażowania społeczności lokalnej w świadczenie usług. Aktualna globalna sytuacja gospodarcza wskazuje, że dotarliśmy do punktu, w którym dla rozwoju branży turystycznej konieczne jest wdrażanie zrównoważonych i cyfrowych modeli przemysłu.

Słowa kluczowe:

COVID-19, świat po COVID, zrównoważona turystyka, turystyka wiejska, Słowenia, przyszły rozwój

Pobierz pliki

PDF (English)

Zasady cytowania

Žibert, M., & Prevolšek, B. (2022). Zjawisko (zrównoważonej) turystyki w działalności gospodarstw rolnych w Słowenii podczas pandemii COVID-19. Studia Ecologiae Et Bioethicae, 19(4), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.21697/seb.2021.19.4.06

Cited by / Share

Licencja

Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.

Bibliografia

AFIC (The Agricultural and Forestry Institute Celje). 2020. Dopolnilne dejavnosti. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://www.kmetijskizavod-celje.si/aktualno/trendi-v-turizmu-ki-so-v-prid-turisticnim-kmetijam-2020-11-17.
Google Scholar

Alpine homestead. 2021. Domačija na robu gozda. Accessed November 20, 2021. https://www.alpinehomesteadbled.com/sl/alpine-homestead-bled/.
Google Scholar

Barbieri, Carla and Patience M. Mshenga. 2008. “The role of the firm and owner characteristics on the performance of agritourism farms.” Sociologia Ruralis 48(2): 166-183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00450.x
Google Scholar

Barbieri, Carla, Edward Mahoney, and Larry Butler. 2008. "Understanding the nature and extent of farm and ranch diversification in North America." Rural Sociology 73(2): 205-229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1526/003601108784514543
Google Scholar

Bien, Amos. 2011. A simple user's guide to certification for sustainable tourism and eco-tourism. Washington, D.C.: Center for Ecotourism and Sustainable Development.
Google Scholar

Boiko, Viktoriia. 2020. Green tourism as a perspective direction for rural entrepreneurship development. Lviv-Toruń: Liha-Pres. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36059/978-966-397-189-6/1-18
Google Scholar

Brouder, Patrick. 2020. "Reset redux: Possible evolutionary pathways towards the transformation of tourism in a COVID-19 world." Tourism Geographies 22(3): 484-490. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1760928
Google Scholar

Cassel, Susanna Heldt, and Katarina Pettersson. 2015. "Performing gender and rurality in Swedish farm tourism." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 15(1-2): 138-151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2015.1005333
Google Scholar

Cavaco, Carminda. "Rural tourism: The creation of new tourist spaces." In European tourism: region, spaces and restructuring edited by Armando Montanari, Allan M. Williams, 127-149. New York, N.Y.: Wiley.
Google Scholar

Chin, Wei Lee, and Siti Fatimahwati Pehin Dato Musa. 2021. "Agritourism resilience against Covid-19: Impacts and management strategies." Cogent Social Sciences 7(1): 1950290. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1950290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1950290
Google Scholar

Crumley, Bruce. 2010. "How to save rural France." Time Magazine, August 02, 2010.
Google Scholar

De Rosa, Marcello, Gerard McElwee, and Robert Smith. 2019. "Farm diversification strategies in response to rural policy: A case from rural Italy." Land use policy 81: 291-301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.11.006
Google Scholar

Deng, Taotao, Xin Li, and Mulan Ma. 2017. "Evaluating impact of air pollution on China’s inbound tourism industry: A spatial econometric approach." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 22(7): 771-780. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2017.1331923
Google Scholar

Edgell Sr, David L., and Jason R. Swanson. 2013. Tourism policy and planning: Yesterday, today, and tomorrow. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar

Eko kmetija Mikl. 2021. Dejavnosti. Accessed November 20, 2021. https://www.eko-kmetija.si/dejavnosti.
Google Scholar

Evans, Nicholas J., and Brian W. Ilbery. 1989. "A conceptual framework for investigating farm-based accommodation and tourism in Britain." Journal of Rural Studies 5(3): 257-266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(89)90004-1
Google Scholar

FURS - Finančna uprava Republike Slovenije. 2021. Statistika o turističnih bonih na dan 30.8.2021. (Internal material, Ljubljana: FURS - Finančna uprava Republike Slovenije).
Google Scholar

Garcia-Llorente, Marina, Radha Rubio-Olivar, and Ines Gutierrez-Briceno. 2018. "Farming for life quality and sustainability: A literature review of green care research trends in Europe." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15(6): 1282. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061282
Google Scholar

Ge, Jiaqi, Lee-Ann, Sutherland, J. Gary, Polhill, Keith, Matthews, Dave, Miller, Douglas, Wardell-Johnson. 2017. "Exploring factors affecting on-farm renewable energy adoption in Scotland using large-scale microdata." Energy Policy 107: 548-560. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.025
Google Scholar

Goeldner, Charles R., and Brent Ritchie. 2012. Tourism: principles, practices, philosophies. Hoboken: Wiley.
Google Scholar

Gössling, Stefan, Daniel Scott, and C. Michael Hall. 2020. "Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid assessment of COVID-19." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 29(1): 1-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708
Google Scholar

Green Key. 2021. Green Key small accommodation criteria and explanatory notes. Accessed November 20, 2021. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/55371f97e4b0fce8c1ee4c69/t/5eff0f10648e2f5a44317222/1593773850773/Green+Key+small+accommodation+criteria+explanatory+notes+2016-2021-revision2018.pdf.
Google Scholar

Greenglobe. 2021. Green Globe International Standard for Sustainable Tourism. Accessed November 20, 2021. https://www.greenglobe.com/.
Google Scholar

Gretzel, Ulrike, Matthias Fuchs, Rodolfo Baggio, Wolfram Hoepken, Rob Law, Julia Neidhardt, Juho Pesonen, Markus Zanker, and Zheng Xiang. 2020. "e-Tourism beyond COVID-19: a call for transformative research." Information Technology & Tourism 22: 187-203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-020-00181-3
Google Scholar

Haaland, Hanne, and Øystein Aas. 2010. "Eco‐tourism certification – does it make a difference? A comparison of systems from Australia, Costa Rica, and Sweden." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 10(3): 375-385. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2010.486262
Google Scholar

Hall, Colin Michael. 2008. Tourism planning: Policies, processes and relationships. Hoboken: Prentice Hall.
Google Scholar

Higgins-Desbiolles, Freya. 2020. "Socialising tourism for social and ecological justice after COVID-19." Tourism Geographies 22(3): 610-623. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1757748
Google Scholar

Hjalager, Anne-Mette. 1996. "Agricultural diversification into tourism: Evidence of a European Community development programme." Tourism Management 17(2): 103-111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(95)00113-1
Google Scholar

Huang, Wei-Jue, Beeco, J. Adam Hallo, Jeffrey C. Hallo, and William C. Norman. 2016. “Bundling attractions for rural tourism development.” Journal of Sustainable Tourism 24(10): 1387-1402. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1115510. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1115510
Google Scholar

Ilbery, Brian, Ian Bowler, Gordon Clark, Alastair Crockett, and Alastair Show. 1998. "Farm-based tourism as an alternative farm enterprise: A case study from the Northern Pennines, England." Regional Studies 32(4): 355-364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343409850117816
Google Scholar

Jaković, Božidar, Dejan Tubić, and Matina Đurović. 2015. "Sustainable development of rural tourism by developing new and authentic tourism products." 3rd International Scientific Conference Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe. Accessed August 17, 2021. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2637276.
Google Scholar

Jarvis, Nigel, Clare Weeden, and Natasha Simcock. 2010. "The benefits and challenges of sustainable tourism certification: A case study of the Green Tourism Business Scheme in the West of England." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 17(1): 83-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1375/jhtm.17.1.83
Google Scholar

Lenzen, Manfred, Ya-Yen Sun, Futu Faturay, Yuan-Peng Ting, Arne Geschke and Arunima Malik. 2018. "The carbon footprint of global tourism." Nature Climate Change 8(6): 522-528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0141-x
Google Scholar

May, Murray. 2006. "Aviation Meets Ecology-Redesigning Policy and Practice for Air Transport and Tourism." Transport Engineering in Australia 10(2): 117-128.
Google Scholar

McCabe, Scott. 2019. "“Tourism for all?” Considering social tourism: a perspective paper." Tourism Review 75(1): 61-64. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-06-2019-0264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-06-2019-0264
Google Scholar

Mei, Xiang Y., Ann-Margret S. Hågensen, and Heidi S. Kristiansen. 2020."Storytelling through experiencescape: Creating unique stories and extraordinary experiences in farm tourism." Tourism and Hospitality Research 20(1): 93-104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358418813410
Google Scholar

MKGP. 2020. Podatki registra dopolnilnih dejavnosti na kmetiji, 2018, 2019. (Internal material).
Google Scholar

Mzembe, Andrew Ngawenja, Adam Lindgreen, Uwafiokun Idemudia, and Melissen Frans. 2020. "A club perspective of sustainability certification schemes in the tourism and hospitality industry." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 28(9): 1332-1350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1737092
Google Scholar

Niewiadomski, Piotr. 2020. "COVID-19: from temporary de-globalisation to a re-discovery of tourism?" Tourism Geographies 22(3): 651-656. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1757749
Google Scholar

Oppermann, Martin. 1996. "Rural tourism in southern Germany." Annals of Tourism Research 23(1): 86-102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(95)00021-6
Google Scholar

Orlic, Ivona, and Kristina Brscic. 2012. "The Role of Hospitality in Agrotourism." In Conference Proceedings of Tourism & Hospitality Management 2012, 355-364. Accessed August 17, 2021. https://www.bib.irb.hr/584327/download/584327.317_Orlic.pdf.
Google Scholar

Pan, Shu-Yuan, Mengyao Gao, Hyunook Kim, Kinjal J. Shah, Si-Lu Pei, and Pen-Chi Chiang. 2018. "Advances and challenges in sustainable tourism toward a green economy." Science of the Total Environment 635: 452-469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.134
Google Scholar

Pearce, Philip L., and Gianna M. Moscardo. 1986. "The concept of authenticity in tourist experiences." The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology 22(1): 121-132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/144078338602200107
Google Scholar

Peneva, Mariya, Yanka Kazakova-Mateva. 2015. “Local Food Systems and Rural Development in Bulgaria.” Problems of World Agriculture/Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 15(4): 147-155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22630/PRS.2015.15.4.63
Google Scholar

Petroman Cornelia, Ioan Brad, Sorin Marin, Ioan Petroman, Iasmina Iosim, Adrian Firu, Diana Marin. 2017. "Types of Consumers of Agroturism." Agricultural Management/Lucrari Stiintifice Seria I, Management Agricol 19(1): 177-180.
Google Scholar

Petrović, Marko D., Alon Gelbman, Dunja Demirović, Snježana Gagić, and Darko Vuković. 2017. "The examination of the residents’ activities and dedication to the local community – an agritourism access to the subject." Journal of the Geographical Institute ‘Jovan Cvijic’ SASA 67(1): 37-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1701037P
Google Scholar

Radnić, Romina Alkier, Vedran Milojica, and Danijel Drpić. 2012. "Sustainable Rural Tourism in Croatia and the Role of Cultural Resources." Journal of International Scientific Publications: Economy & Business 6: 254-264.
Google Scholar

Roman, Micha. 2015. "Agritourism farms owners’ competence in running their economic activities." Polish Journal of Management Studies 11(1): 136-146.
Google Scholar

Sargent, Caroline, and Stephen Bass. "The future shape of forests." In Policies for a Small Planet, edited by Johan Holmberg, 195-224. New York: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429200465-7
Google Scholar

Satumane, Anupam D., and Sedef Doganer. 2018. "Sustainable Rural Tourism Development Proposal at Mission Espada in San Antonio, Texas." Journal on Tourism & Sustainability 1(2): 67-80.
Google Scholar

Senturan, Sermin, and Nese Kokturk. 2017. "Applicability of Alternative Tourism: The Case of Zonguldak Province in Turkey." In Proceedings of the Global Conference on Services Management, edited by Cihan Cobanoglu, Fred De Micco, Patrick J. Moreo, and Alfonso Morvillo, 192-195. Bradenton: Association of North America Higher Education International.
Google Scholar

Sharpley, Richard, and Adrian Vass. 2006. "Tourism, farming and diversification: An attitudinal study." Tourism Management 27(5): 1040-1052. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.10.025
Google Scholar

Sigala, Marianna. 2020. "Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research." Journal of Business Research 117: 312-321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.015
Google Scholar

SORS. 2020. Slovenia with record numbers of tourist arrivals and overnight stays in 2019. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://www.stat.si/StatWeb/en/News/Index/8997.
Google Scholar

SORS. 2021. In 2020, domestic tourists generated almost two thirds of all tourist overnight stays in Slovenia. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://www.stat.si/StatWeb/en/news/Index/9435.
Google Scholar

The Chamber of Agriculture and Forestry. 2018. Analysis of the state of supplementary activities. Accessed November 20, 2021. https://www.kgzs.si/uploads/dokumenti/strokovna_gradiva/analiza_dopolnilnih_dejavnosti.pdf
Google Scholar

Thilmany, Dawn, Rebecca Hill, Michelle Haefele, Andres van Sandt, Thomas Cullinane C., Martha Sullins, and Sarah A. Low. 2019. "Agri-tourism and Rural Outdoor Recreation in the US: A Framework for Understanding Economic and Employment Dynamics." In Rural Policies and Employment: Transatlantic Experiences, edited by Sophia M. Davidova, Kenneth J. Thomson, and Ashok K. Mishra, 351-372. Singapore: World Scientific. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786347091_0022
Google Scholar

TOMAS. 2010. Stavovi i potrošnja turista u Hrvatskoj, Ljeto 2010. Zagreb: Institute of Tourism. Accessed September 15, 2021. http://www.iztzg.hr.
Google Scholar

Turistična kmetija pri Martinovih. 2021. Doživetja. Accessed November 20, 2021. https://www.martinovi.com/dozivetja
Google Scholar

UNEP (United Nation Environmental Programme). 2003. Tourism and Local Agenda 21: The Role of Local Authorities in Sustainable Tourism. Paris; : United Nations Environmental Programme.
Google Scholar

UNIS. 2021. Sustainable development goals. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://unis.unvienna.org/unis/sl/topics/sustainable_development_goals.html.
Google Scholar

UNWTO. 2004. Indicators of sustainable development for tourism destinations: A guidebook. Madrid: World Tourism Organisation.
Google Scholar

UNWTO. 2019. International Tourism Highlights 2019. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://www.eunwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284421152.
Google Scholar

UNWTO. 2020. World Tourism Remains at a Standstill as 100% of Countries Impose Restrictions on Travel. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://www.unwto.org/news/covid-19-world-tourism-remains-at-a-standstill-as-100-of-countries-impose-restrictions-on-travel.
Google Scholar

Villanueva-Álvaro, Juan-José, José Mondéjar-Jiménez, and Francisco-José Sáez-Martínez. 2017. "Rural Tourism: Development, management and sustainability in rural establishments." Sustainability 9(5): 818. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su9050818
Google Scholar

Wall, Geoffrey, and Alister Mathieson. 2006. Tourism: change, impacts, and opportunities. Harlow: Pearson Education
Google Scholar

WCED. (The World Commission on Environment and Development). 1987. Our Common Future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar

Williams, Allan M., and Gareth Shaw. 1998. Tourism and Economic Development: European Experience. Chichester: John Wiley.
Google Scholar

Žibert, Maja, Boris Prevolšek, Karmen Pažek, Črtomir Rozman and Andrej Škraba. 2021. "Developing a diversification strategy of non-agricultural activities on farms using system dynamics modelling: a case study of Slovenia." Kybernetes https://doi.org/10.1108/K-04-2021-0254. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/K-04-2021-0254
Google Scholar