This paper presents the circumstances and course of the criminal proceedings conducted against Father Franciszek Blachnicki in the Polish People’s Republic in 1960. In addition to showing the sequence of procedural actions, it presents the controversies concerning the legal qualification of the charges and evidence. The article highlights Father Blachnicki’s line of defence and his arguments to expose the policy and methods the Communist state used against the Roman Catholic Church. It also shows the ideological conflict underlying the way the Communist authorities treated Father Blachnicki, which boiled down to an attempt to limit the Church’s activities in public life only to religious worship.
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