‘SOCIETAS LEONINA’ W POGLĄDACH NIDERLANDZKIEJ I NIEMIECKIEJ JURYSPRUDENCJI OKRESU HUMANIZMU

Tomasz Palmirski

doi:10.21697/zp.2020.20.1.03

Published: 2020-06-30

Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020)

The ‘societas leonina’ in the Views of Dutch and German Jurisprudence in the Age of Humanism

Tomasz Palmirski

Zeszyty Prawnicze

Section: Artykuły

https://doi.org/10.21697/zp.2020.20.1.03

Abstract

The 16th and 17th centuries marked the age of humanism in Roman law. The lawyers of the age were referred as the School of elegant jurisprudence. In the Low Countries its chief representatives were Vinnius (Arnold Vinnius), Hubertus Giphanius, Matthäus Wesenbeck (Wesenbecius), Johannes Voet, Ulrik (Ulricus) Huber, and Gerard Noodt; and Johann Ortwin Westenberg, Oswald Hilliger, and Georg Frantzke in Germany.

This article provides an overview of their statements on partnerships of the societas leonina type, showing that, just as in Roman law, they considered such contracts invalid. Ulrik Huber, Gerard Noodt, and Johann Ortwin Westenberg only made a general observation that partnerships like the one described in D. 17,2,29,2 were invalid. Oswald Hilliger held the same view, but he also referred to Antonio Gomez’s innovative remark that not the whole of such a partnership contract would be invalid, but only the lion’s share clause. For Vinnius, Giphanius, Wesenbeck, and Voet, on the other hand, the nature of a partnership based on equal shares (as in D. 17,2,29 pr.) could be changed to a certain extent on the mutual consent of the parties. Georg Frantzke held that a societas leonina was not a partnership at all, because one of the partners had no share in the profit; instead, it involved a donation, which did not give any grounds for a complaint.

Keywords:

Roman law; Justinian; the Dutch school of elegant jurisprudence; the German school of elegant jurisprudence; partnership; societas leonina.

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Palmirski, T. (2020). The ‘societas leonina’ in the Views of Dutch and German Jurisprudence in the Age of Humanism. Zeszyty Prawnicze, 20(1), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.21697/zp.2020.20.1.03

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