‘CUM PASTORI MEO LUPI PORCOS ERIPERENT’. STATUS PRAWNY ZWIERZĄT PORWANYCH PRZEZ DRAPIEŻNIKI

Zuzanna Benincasa

doi:10.21697/zp.2017.17.4.04

Published: 2018-05-26

Vol. 17 No. 4 (2017)

‘Cum pastori meo lupi porcos eriperent’ The legal status of Animals Carried off by Predators

Zuzanna Benincasa

Zeszyty Prawnicze

Section: Artykuły

https://doi.org/10.21697/zp.2017.17.4.04

Abstract

Summary

This paper discusses the case analysed by Pomponius and related in the 19th book of Ulpian’s commentary ad edictum: wolves had snatched somebody’s pigs, but the pigs were saved from the wolves by the courageous intervention of a neighbour, who pursued the predators with his hounds. Thus a controversy arose concerning the ownership of the pigs: they were snatched from the owner in circumstances which would have made them irretrievably lost in the normal course of things, but they were later saved by a farmer from a neighbouring property and his dogs. Pomponius refers to three cases as a possible argument in the discussion: a wild animal, the property of which exists only as long as the owner, who had previously appropriated it, has control over it and which, escaping the guard, became again ownerless and thus subject to appropriation, a thing carried oﬀ or snatched by the wild bird and finally a thing lost in a shipwreck. Te analysis of these cases looks interesting from the point of view of continuity of the property right of the thing whose possession and possibility of control was lost in confrontation with nature. Finally Pomponius resolves the case in favour of the original owner, on the grounds of recoverability of the thing (nostrum manere tamdiu, quamdiu reciperari possit). This solution is also approved by Ulpian, who grants in favour to the owner actio furti, actio ad exhibendum and rei vindicatio against the neighbour who refused to return the pigs.

Keywords:

appropriation, property right, wild animals.

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Benincasa, Z. (2018). ‘Cum pastori meo lupi porcos eriperent’ The legal status of Animals Carried off by Predators. Zeszyty Prawnicze, 17(4), 45–84. https://doi.org/10.21697/zp.2017.17.4.04

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